Both TCP and UDP are protocols used to send data from one device to anoter within the TCP/IP network. When sending data, they are broken into smaller IP packets and sent over the TCP or UDP transport layer. Applications may choose to use either TCP or UDP to send data to the other end depending on whether the reliability or speed is more important. For reliable delivery, TCP is used while UDP is used for faster delivery. TCP/IP is comprised of 4 layers with each providing a specific protocol functions as shown below:

An Autonomous System (AS) is a large network that has a common routing policy used to serve a set of IP prefixes. An AS is assigned to a single organization and is connected to multiple ASes to route IP packets in a redundant manner. An AS is assigned a 16-bit or 32-bit number (ASN) by the IANA to Internet Service Providers (ISPs), governments, universities, and enterprises.

A port is a number assigned to an application to communicate between the server and client. In the TCP/IP network, applications use one or more ports to communicate with a client. A port number is a 16-bit unsigned number ranging from 0 to 65,535. The first 1K ports (0 through 1023) are usually called well-known ports that are assigned to system applications, the next range from 1024 through 49,151 are allocated for user registered ports, and the final range 19,152 through 65,535 are used for private or ephemeral purposes. The transport protocol that uses ports are (1) TCP and (2) UDP.

Imagining a day without having the Internet. It will be a nightmare for most of us. While the world is constantly on the move, ahead on technology it's even more frustrating when your internet connection lags. A slow internet connection makes you feel like your entire world has suddenly shifted to be slow motion.

In this fast-moving age of the internet, it isn't uncommon that many of us share our Wi-Fi credentials with friends and guests. At first glance, it doesn't seem to be a big deal to share your Wi-Fi credentials but when your guests join your home network they can see all of your smart devices and computers. Without properly securing your smart devices and PCs, your smart devices may be accessible to your guests.

Technology has come a long way and is constantly evolving every day and it's no exception with geolocation. Thanks to this, geolocation has found a very strong and everyday use in today's world. RFID (radio frequency identification) tags have come about as a result of this and function as neat little devices which can be tagged to other items that have no means of connecting to the Internet. Through this, one can then geolocate these tags and their tagged objects.

The Cloud is a general term referred to as the Internet in a broad way. It generally refers to accessing computer, storage and applications over the Internet. It should be noted that these services involve the use of some extremely powerful machines, mega scale storage devices in remote locations that the user would not be able to access physically.

To first understand what a Public DNS is, we must first recognize what DNS means to begin with. In its simplest definition, the DNS (or the Domain Name System), is basically an Internet service that functions like a giant dictionary. This dictionary maps the IP address of every website to a human-readable name called a domain (or host) name. This service functions when a user enters the name of some website into a browser's url bar (for example, https://www.iplocation.net) to visit that website. Most ISPs provide a set of DNS servers for it's customers to use, and they are usually private designed to be used by their customers only.

WAP stands for Wireless Application Protocol. This is a well-known and commonly used standardized protocol which defines how wireless communication can take place between mobile devices and a wireless network. This could include devices such as radio transceivers, cell phones, world wide web, newsgroup, instant messaging and any device that can be used for Internet access. Devices which are based on WAP can interoperate as technology advancement happens over time.

File sharing is something which is part of our daily activities. This is also commonly referred to as P2P or Peer-to-Peer sharing. This could be sharing files between two nodes in a network or between a client and a server or between two nodes not within the same network. Any multi-user environment will require a file sharing mechanism.